Saniona grants Penn right to perform Phase 2 trial for cocaine addiction
Saniona, a leading biotech company within ion-channel research, today announces the grant of rights to perform a Phase 2 trial for its compound NS2359 to the University of Pennsylvania’s Treatment Research Center (TRC). TRC intends to apply for public funding with the aim of conducting a Phase 2 clinical trial for NS2359 for treatment of cocaine addiction. Saniona retains all commercial rights to NS2359 and does not plan to make further investment in relation to NS2359 before the results from TRC’s study is available.
NS2359 is a triple reuptake inhibitor and is a very promising medication for the treatment of cocaine dependence for which there is no proven therapy today.
“We are thrilled to be collaborating with the University of Pennsylvania. The Treatment Research Center at the University of Pennsylvania is world class within clinical trials on drug addiction. The two principal investigators are recognized leaders in addiction research. Dr. Berrettini is an internationally-recognized expert in the genetics of addiction and Dr. Kampman is a highly respected top researcher in conducting clinical studies of cocaine addiction,” says Jørgen Drejer, CEO of Saniona.
“Cocaine addiction is a significant public health problem, responsible for substantial medical, psychiatric, and economic costs. There are no medications proven efficacious for the treatment of cocaine addiction. The development of an effective pharmacotherapy for cocaine-addicted patients has the potential to significantly impact the public health by addressing the needs of a treatment population composed of hundreds of thousands of Americans,” says Kyle M. Kampman, MD, Medical Director of the TRC.
“NS2359 interacts with the reuptake sites of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, but in a different manner to cocaine and has shown promising results in preclinical and clinical studies for cocaine additiction. Therefore, NS2359 represents a novel and promising medication for treatment of cocaine dependences,” says Wade Berrettini, MD, PhD, Karl E. Rickels Professor of Psychiatry and Director, Center for Neurobiology & Behavior.
Saniona acquired NS2359 from NeuroSearch in October 2014 together with tesofensine. NS2359 has already been investigated in Phase 2 clinical trials for major depression disorders and adults with ADHD (Attention Deficit Hypearactivity Disorder). Based on NS2359's pharmacological profile and the promising preclinical and clinical studies, Saniona and TRC have established a partnership for investigating NS2359 in cocaine addiction.
TRC intends to seek public funding in order to perform a clinical proof-of-concept study for NS2359. The objective is to demonstrate efficacy in preventing relapse in cocaine abstinent patients. TRC has filed an IND based on drug substance from Saniona and a cross-reference to Saniona’s existing IND comprising a significant package of preclinical and clinical data. Saniona is not planning further investment or other activity regarding NS2359 until results from these investigations are available.
For more information please contact
Thomas Feldthus, EVP and CFO, Saniona, Mobile: +45 2210 9957, E-mail: tf@saniona.com
About Saniona
Saniona is a research and development company focused on drugs for diseases of the central nervous system, autoimmune diseases, metabolic diseases and treatment of pain. The company has a significant portfolio of potential drug candidates at pre-clinical and clinical stage. The research is focused on ion channels, which makes up a unique protein class that enables and controls the passage of charged ions across cell membranes. Saniona has ongoing collaboration agreements with major pharmaceutical companies including Pfizer Inc., as well as Saniona’s Boston based spinout Ataxion Inc., which is financed by Atlas Venture Inc. and Biogen Idec Inc. Saniona is based in Copenhagen, Denmark, where it has a research center of high international standard and 18 employees. Saniona is listed at AktieTorget since April 2014 and has about 1,500 shareholders. The company’s share is traded under the ticker SANION. Read more at www.saniona.com.
About the Treatment Research Center at the University of Pennsylvania
The Treatment Research Center (TRC) is a clinical outpatient treatment center that is part of the
PENN / VA Center for the Studies of Addiction (CSA). TRC has a modern treatment facility with a fully certified clinical laboratory and a state of the art data management unit. The Investigators have been leaders in addiction pharmacotherapy research for over 35 years and highly experienced clinicians and research associates staff the center. TRC has an active recruitment process and network in place for cocaine addiction. The center screen about 250 cocaine dependent patients per year of which about 100 cocaine dependent patients are randomized into research protocols. TRC offers a comprehensive biopsychosocial evaluation in relation to clinical programs comprising a physical exam and ECG, an outpatient medical detoxification stabilization unit, and daily individual and group therapy sessions that are made available to patients eligible for one of the treatment-research studies.
About NS2359
NS2359 is a triple reuptake inhibitor, which blocks the reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in a similar manner to cocaine. However, NS2359 dissociates slowly from these transporters and has a long human half-life (up to 10 days) which makes frequent dosing unnecessary. NS2359s pharmacological profile means that it may be able to reduce cocaine withdrawal symptoms, reduce cocaine craving and reduce cocaine-induced euphoria. In preclinical trials, NS2359 has been shown to reduce the reinforcing effects of cocaine and may have effects on cue induced drug craving. Furthermore, human trials with NS2359 have shown that NS2359 has little abuse potential and does not have adverse interactions with cocaine. Thus, NS2359 is a very promising medication for the treatment of cocaine dependence.
Further details about NS2359 and cocaine addiction
Cocaine addition
Cocaine dependence continues to be a significant public health problem. In 2012, the National Survey on Drug Use and Health revealed that in the US 639,000 persons used cocaine or crack cocaine for the first time, 1.6 million people had used cocaine at least once during the month prior to the survey, and 1.1 million persons were classified as dependent on or abusing cocaine. Cocaine abuse and dependence leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Medical problems associated with cocaine use include an increased risk of HIV, hepatitis, and serious pulmonary and cardiovascular disease[i]. Other problems associated with cocaine use include increased rates of crime, violence, poverty, and family disruption[ii]. The standard treatment for cocaine dependence consists of individual and group psychotherapy and self-help groups. Although progress has been made in developing new psychosocial treatments for cocaine dependence, psychotherapy alone does not provide substantial benefit for many patients[iii]. Dropout rates in outpatient treatment programs are very high[iv]. Even among patients who complete treatment, relapse is common[v]. Thus, medications have been sought to augment psychosocial treatment. Currently, there are no medications approved for the treatment of cocaine dependence.
Mode of action and rationale for treatment of cocaine addiction
NS2359 is a triple reuptake inhibitor, which blocks the reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in a similar manner to cocaine. Compared to cocaine, NS2359 has greater affinities at the three transporters. However, in contrast to cocaine, NS2359 dissociates slowly from all three transporters and it has a very long human half-life (up to 10 days). Therefore, NS2359 has the potential to block binding of cocaine to these transporters and blunt cocaine reward, even with episodic non-compliance. Furthermore, it may be able to blunt cocaine withdrawal symptoms, which have been associated with reduced dopamine and serotonin activity in newly abstinent cocaine dependent patients[vi]. In addition, as a long acting medication with a mechanism of action similar to that of cocaine, NS2359 may be able reduce cocaine craving and blunt the euphoric effects of cocaine without causing euphoria itself.
Effective medications exist for the treatment of nicotine addiction and opioid addiction. These effective medications have the ability to do one or more of three things: 1) reduce drug withdrawal symptoms, 2) reduce drug craving, and 3) reduce the euphoria associated with the abused drug. The pharmacological profile of NS2359 suggest that NS2359 may fulfil all three characteristics for an effective medication for cocaine addiction. NS2359 has the potential to reduce cocaine withdrawal symptoms (characterized by deficient mono-amine transmission in key brain areas); reduce cue-induced drug cravings; and prevent the euphoria induced by cocaine. NS2359 has a unique long human half-life (up to 10 days) which makes frequent dosing unnecessary.
Preclinical and clinical evidence for treatment of cocaine addiction
In preclinical studies, NS2359 has demonstrated clear efficacy against cocaine craving behaviour in cocaine dependent rodents and monkeys. Preclinical studies have shown that NS2359 reduces cocaine self-administration in Rhesus monkeys and substitutes for cocaine in both rat and monkey drug-discrimination.
NS2359 was originally developed under an agreement with NIDA for the treatment of cocain addiction. NeuroSearch discontinued the agreement with NIDA in relation to the outlicense of NS2359 to GlaxoSmithKline in 2004. GlaxoSmithKline performed additional non-clinical and clinidal studies under the name GSK372475 in order to investigate NS2359’s potential as an antidepressant agent and for the treatment of adults with ADHD. NeuroSearch regained the rights to NS2359 from GlaxoSmithKline in 2009 since the Phase 2 studies indicated that NS2359 had no advantage over current treatment for major depression disorders and adult with ADHD. In total NS2359 has been administered to more than 600 individuals as part of eleven Phase 1 studies (5 single dose and 6 repeat-dose studies) and three Phase 2 studies. These studies indicate that the drug is safe and well tolerated in humans for administration up to 10 weeks. These studies provides also promising evidence for using NS2359 as a treatment for cocaine dependence. NS2359 did not cause euphoria in any of the multiple Phase 1 studies or the Phase 2 clinical trials for major depressive disorder[vii] and adult attention deficit disorder[viii]. Furthermore, in a human laboratory drug discrimination study, NS2359 exhibited no abuse liability in comparison with 15 or 30 mg of amphetamine. In a NIDA sponsored Phase 1 human laboratory interaction study, NS2359 was able to reduce the rewarding valence of 20 or 40 mg of cocaine, and it attenuated the cardiovascular effects of IV cocaine.
Saniona development strategy for NS2359
Based on NS2359's pharmacological profile and the promising preclinical and clinical studies, the University of Pennsylvania’s Treatment Research Center (TRC) intends to apply for public grants with aim of performing a clinical proof-of-concept study with NS2359 for treatment of cocaine addiction, where the rationale is very strong, the medical need substantial and the market potential significant. Saniona and TRC intend to apply for additional public funding to continue the development of NS2359 if the trial proves to be successful. Saniona retains the commercial rights to NS2359.
[i] Restrepo et al, 2009; Shearer et al, 2007; Cook et al, 2008
[ii] Vaughn et al, 2010; Cunningham et al, 2009
[iii] Alterman et al, 1996; Caroll et al, 2004; Kampman et al, 2001
[iv] Kampman et al, 2002
[v] McKay et al, 2010
[vi] Rothman et al, 2008
[vii] Learned et al, 2011
[viii] Wilens et al, 2008